In Defense of the Realm

One of the interesting aspects of the EasyFinder/Gillian Chung case (see Comment200608#083) is just what is Next Media's defense.  At first, it was mostly silence.  The lone response from EasyFinder itself was a defiant refusal to apologize or admit fault.  Then there was an editorial in Apple Daily (see Comment200608#112).

More recently, three opinion essays appeared in Apple Daily in defense of EasyFinder.  These three essays are highly controversial.  The first one is written by an independent writer, who has been accused of selling her soul.  The second one is by a regular Apple Daily columnist, who has been accused of bundling the Hong Kong democratic movement with the EasyFinder case.  The third one is written by the regular AP commentator Li Yi.  Since Li has been prominent on issues of democracy on Hong Kong, he has been accused of lacking principles.

Here are the translations (and the originals are re-produced below for readers in mainland China who cannot access Apple Daily).  You can read for yourself and decide.  I have also offered a translation of one popular Hong Kong blog post on the matter.

EasyFinder Cannot Apologize.  By Jiang Yun (蔣芸).

At a time when there are only one-sided condemnations from various sectors of society and large-scale protest marches, my worst fear is that EasyFinder may not be able to withstand the huge pressure of public opinion and thereby cave in to apologize.  If they apologize, the consequences are unimaginable.

Based upon the current trend, some artistes are taking up the role of victims to carry out their ulterior motives while others who were involved in previous scandals are coming to claim that they had been smeared and victimized as well.  The watchdog capability of the media cannot be lightly dismissed.  Sometimes, you have to admire how the media organizations use their enormous manpower and financial resources to chase down a story.  They roam the ends of the earth to find these celebrities conducting secret love affair overseas, or patronize prostitutes on the mainland.  An affair that was believed to be totally secret suddenly appears in front of you with photographs and text.  Do you think that it is so simple?

For example, consider the latest photographs of Superman (=Li Ka-shing) holding hands with his female friend in the streets of Rome.  Can you say that you have no interest in the warmth of love at an old age?  Can you say that all the distinguished celebrities and gentlemen are not worried about the secrets that they prefer to remain unknown?  Can you say that the real-life wives are not secretly glad that their other halves are being watched without their having to pay a cent for private investigators' fees?  There is a very good example about Big Brother Bo when a pair of shoes with initials appeared at a certain Parisian hotel.  Today, he and his wife appear in public as the perfect couple.  What shall we say about that?

Things cannot be completely one-sided.  Even as the entertainment people condemn the media, they ought to reflect on how many unspeakable secrets they are keeping.  If they did not want people to know, they should not have done it in the first place.  And it also depends on their market value.

Peephole literature became popular in response to market demands.  The public have an unlimited interest in the celebrities, and the tabloid magazines satisfy people's curiosity.  Who doesn't read them?  If people are not reading them, then how could they have existed for so long? And be so popular?

There is no denying that the tabloids serve a watchdog function.  They bring pressure upon public figures, who are forced to examine their own conduct.  Public figures, especially those in the audio-visual entertainment field, ought to ask themselves: "How many more criminal and immoral activities still remain unexposed under the sun!"  This is not about condemnation alone.  There will come a day when nobody pays any attention to you even if you take off your clothes in the middle of the street.  If nobody pursues you and reports on you, your market value is gone.

After being photographed during a backstage clothes change, Gillian Chung cried that she won't be able to face anyone or explain what happened.  Actually, it is not necessary to worry about this.  An artiste especially should not be ashamed of her body.  I do not believe that photographs like these will affect her career.  From the recent chain of events, it seems only to have helped with no harm.

An artiste has an interactive relationship with the media.  I do not believe that a popular media can be so lazy as to show only what the artistes present about themselves.  It would bore the audience to death!

This affair should not be magnified without bounds.  It should not be taken too seriously.  Andy Lau asked, "What would you do if someone snooped on your younger sister like this?"  I would reply: "If it were my younger sister or daughter being snooped upon, I would say, 'Daughter (or younger sister), you are now popular.'  Then I would say: 'No matter where or when, you must also maintain a perfect pose, because you never know where there is a camera ...'"

The "Dirty Spot" of Gillian.  By Koo Tak Ming (古德明). 

Artiste Gillian Chung was recently photographed by an EasyFinder magazine photographer during a backstage clothes change.  After the photographs came out, various sectors in Hong Kong society were outraged.

The entertainment industry organized a meeting to denounce the magazine, the women's organizations initiated a boycott campaign and even Chief Executive Donald Tsang came out to condemn the invasion of privacy by magazines.  Everybody felt sorry for Gillian's body.  Gillian looked sad and pitiful and cried to the people of Hong Kong: "Such a scandal has put a dirty spot in my life."  She is exaggerating.  

In New Account of Tales of the World (Shishuo xinyu 世說新語), the Jin dynasty celebrity Liu Ling sometimes went naked inside his home and so people made fun of him.  He said frankly: "The heavens form my roof and the buildings are my clothes.  Why are you condemning me?"  When the EasyFinder reporter intruded upon Gillian, he was the one who is disgraced.  Why should Gillian feel soiled?

In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the notion of the innocent being innocent is even clearer.  At the end of the Han dynasty, the autocrat Cao Cao wanted to humiliate the public figure Heng by making him the drummer and therefore forcing him to don the drummer's uniform.  So Heng took off his old clothes in front of everybody and stood there completely naked.  Cao Cao yelled: "How can you be so rude in a temple hall?"  Heng replied: "I show what my parents gave me in order to prove that my body is pure."  He was not ashamed of being naked in public, but he was ashamed of working for Cao Cao: "I am a loyal servant of the Han dynasty, and I will not be a member of Cao Cao's gang!"  Today's Hong Kong artistes may not be able to appreciate the meaning of this.

When Tung Chee-hwa was in charge of Hong Kong, public discontent was boiling over.  On public occasions, citizens would openly boo him.  When the artiste Jackie Chan saw that, he did not beat the drum to curse Cao Cao (like Heng did), but he scolded the Hong Kong people: "The Hong Kong people are ugly!"  On July 1, 2003, 500,000 people marched in Hong Kong to oppose the Article 23 legislation, but this artiste condemned them for "destroying the image of Hong Kong."  Recently, he attended a concert and then engaged in a drunken, obscene shouting match with the audience.  Now, he has stepped up again to solemnly "defend the dignity of the entertainment field."

For example, on July 1st this year, 60,000 people marched in Hong Kong to protest against China for stopping universal suffrage in contravention of the Basic Law.  Gillian and other artistes went instead to sing for the Chinese Communists and to "celebrate the harmonious unity on the ninth anniversary of the return of Hong Kong to China."  She should go and read Romance of the Three Kingdoms first before she talks about the dirty spots in life.

In the second year of Ruiping of the southern Song dynasty.  The rebel general Rong Quan took over the city of Huaihain and sent for the courtesan Mao Xixi to dine with him.  Mao refused and said: "You were a valiant fighter once.  What has the government done to you to cause you to rebel?  I can go to my death, but I will not drink with a rebellious bandit."  So she died by the knife of Rong Quan (see The Unofficial Stories of the Three Dynasties).  Mao Xixi was a courtesan, but nobody has ever said that her body was tainted.  After the Song army caught and executed Rong Quan, they honored Mao Xixi as the Lady Martyr, and she was included in The Women in Song History

Today, Mao Xixi is long buried under the ground.  But she will not forget what this current Chinese Communist government is like the government of the 1989 massacre and the government of the Cultural Revolution of the 1960's.  If you want her to celebrate and drink to this government, she would surely say once more: "I would rather go to my death."  She will not understand Gillian and Jackie Chan's talk about "maintaining dignity."  The dignity of a courtesan in the old China is different from the dignity of the artistes in the new China.

In the west, reporters snoop on movie stars and politicians every day, and the victims can sue in civil courts.  Today, Donald Tsang's government suggests using the criminal code of law against the media for invading privacy.  If this legislation is ever passed, then in conjunction with the recently passed Interception of Communications and Surveillance Bill, the Chinese Communists will be able to rule Hong Kong easily.  At that time, the politicians will be like the artistes, and nobody will be able to probe their activities; the people of Hong Kong will be just like the people in mainland China, because every word and deed will be secretly monitored by the government.

Today, the various sectors of Hong Kong all seem to be sympathetic towards Gillian.  I do not want to say anymore about difference between the little evils and the great evils.  I close my doors, I read the history books and let the ancients show the way.

Cheering for Jiang Yun.  By Li Yi (李怡).

Writer Jiang Yun's essay in the opinion section last Saturday showed that she had the courage to go against the current when emotions are running high.  After I read it, I had to applaud and admit that she was better than me.  At the same day, there was an essay by Koo Tak Ming about the true "dirty spot" is on the soul and the conscience.  Compared to that, what is the "dirty spot" when artiste showed a small part of her back without ever showing the naughty bits?  If there was a "dirty spot," it was on the snooping photographer.  Even if a prostitute sells her body, she is cleaner than treacherous villains.

The EasyFinder snoop affair has definitely aroused popular opinion following the call of people in the entertainment industry.  Yet, how was that public opinion aroused?  Was there any rational basis?  Was it right or wrong?  The correctness of the opinion is not going to be decided by the number of bodies.

The following story is popular: When Einstein invented the theory of relativity, the scientists were at odds in their assessments.  In 1930, a critical book appeared in Germany under the title: "One hundred professors come out to prove that Einstein was wrong."  When Einstein heard about it, he roared in laughter: "One hundred people?  Why is it necessary to find so many people?  If I can really be proven to be wrong, one person would be enough."

In Jiang Yun's essay, the most important idea was: EasyFinder magazine cannot apologize even in the face of such huge public opinion pressure.  "If they apologize, the consequences are unimaginable."

Why are "the consequences unimaginable"?  Because an "apology" implies an admission of fault, and therefore an abdication of communication media's responsibility to monitor public figures and an abandonment of the media's responsibility to actively expose what the public figures do not want people to know.  In practice, this will invert the role relationship between media and public figures, and that is why the consequences become unimaginable.

Perhaps someone will say that the media should watch over the public figures only on matters that involve significant public interests.  When Gillian Chung changed her clothes backstage in Malaysia, that did not involve the public interest and therefore this was a grave invasion of privacy.  Yet, if you say Gillian Chung changing clothes backstage does not involve the public interest, then what about Superman (=Li Ka-shing) holding hands with his female friend in the streets of Rome?  Does that involve the public interest?

Before Donald Tsang became the Chief Executive, did the fact that he was whistling while walking towards Government House involve the public interest?  When Leon Lai was photographed with Gaile Lai by Gillian Chung's boss Albert Yeung's Oriental Sunday magazine, did that involve the public interest?  Whether something involves the public interest cannot be decided by "righteous people" or commentators, and especially not by the government.

I never read EasyFinder.  If I sometimes flip through it, I find much of the language unbearable.  But what is it so popular?  Why are there so many tabloid magazines in the streets?  What is wrong by printing more copies of that issue of EasyFinder in response to readers' demand?

Let us listen to what the other victim of snooping, Leon Lai, say about the Gillian Chung affair.  He said: "I don't want to say anything.  Everything should have its value and meaning of existence."

He is a person in a special situation and he was being subtle, but the meaning is quite clear.  Public figures have their values and meaning for existence and the media (including the tabloid magazines) also have their values and meaning for existence.  The public figures obviously hope that the media can fully report the aspects that they want the people to know.  But if the media only report what the public figures want them to, it will only "bore the audience to death" in Jiang Yun's words.  Therefore, the media will dig out the aspects that the public figures do not want the people to know.  The two sides depend on each other and they are also in conflict with each other.  But if the media reported something that the public figures do not want reported and must apologize for it, then truly "the consequences are unimaginable."

The opinions of Jiang Yun and others may not be completely right with respect to the boundary for the media to cover private matters.  That is subject to debate.  But it was invaluable for her to show the courage of an intellectual to brave public opinion.  Some commentators are not afraid of those in power; other commentators ignore advertising interests and make independent criticisms; but there are very few who are not intimidated by public opinion.  Yet it is these discussions that can really open up the public space in society.


Here is the blog post 拿長矛挑風車:翻炒偷拍事件 from 葉一知,刁民公園 (Diuman Park)

[in partial translation with certain sections omitted]

...

Jiang Yun wrote:

Things cannot be completely one-sided.  Even as the entertainment people condemn the media, they ought to reflect on how many unspeakable secrets they are keeping.  If they did not want people to know, they should not have done it in the first place.  And it also depends on their market value.

The peephole literature became popular in response to market demands.  The public have an unlimited interest in the celebrities, and the tabloid magazines satisfy people's curiosity.  Who does not read them?  If people are not reading them, then how could they have existed for so long? And be so popular?

There is no denying that the tabloids serve a watchdog function.  They bring pressure upon public figures, who are forced to examine their own conduct.  Public figures, especially those in the audio-visual entertainment field, ought to ask themselves: "How many more criminal and immoral activities still remain unexposed under the sun!"  This is not about condemnation alone.  There will come a day when nobody pays you any attention even if you take off your clothes in the middle of the street.  If nobody pursues you and reports on you, your market value vanishes.

At first, she wrote: "The public have an unlimited interest in the celebrities, and the tabloid magazines satisfy people's curiosity.  Who does not read them?"  Then she leaps out of nowhere into: "There is no denying that the tabloids serve a watchdog function."  Tabloid journalism and watchdog journalism are two completely different things.  I'll get back to this later.

"How many more criminal and immoral activities still remain unexposed under the sun!"  Great, but is changing your clothes backstage a criminal and immoral activity?

But there is one thing that I concur with: only the market forces can change the unhealthy trend.  As Jiang Yun said, if one day when nobody would read a magazine reporting on people stripping in the streets, the market value of the magazine would be terminated.

But Jiang Yun's best quote is at the end:

"If it were my younger sister or daughter being snooped upon, I would say, 'Daughter (or younger sister), you are now popular.  Then I would say: "No matter where or when, you must also maintain a perfect pose, because you don't know where there is a camera ...'"

What a perfect answer!  According to the same logic, I believe that if Jiang Yun's younger sister or daughter should come running home one day to her and cry: "The boss wants me to go to the hotel with him tonight to discuss the singing contract -- I'm scared" she would reply: "Daughter (or younger sister), you are now popular.  No matter where or when, you must take the contraceptives, because you don't know when a condom might break ..."

... Li Yi began:

Why are "the unimaginable consequences"?  Because an "apology" implies an admission of fault, and therefore an abdication of communication media's responsibility to monitor public figures and an abandonment of the media's responsibility to actively expose what the public figures do not want people to know.

Note the keyword: monitor.

Perhaps someone will say that the media should watch over the public figures only on matters that involve significant public interests.  When Gillian Chung changed her clothes backstage in Malaysia, that did not involve the public interest and therefore this is a grave invasion of privacy.  Yet, if you say Gillian Chung changing clothes backstage does not involve the public interest, then what about Superman (=Li Ka-shing) holding hands with his female friend in the streets of Rome?  Does that involve the public interest?  Before Donald Tsang became the Chief Executive, did the fact that he was whistling while walking towards Government House involve the public interest?  When Leon Lai was photographed with Gaile Lai by Gillian Chung's boss Albert Yeung's Oriental Sunday magazine, did that involve the public interest?  

This is still about 'monitor'.  Then there is a quick switch.

Whether something involves the public interest cannot be decided by "righteous people" or commentators, and especially not by the government.  I never read EasyFinder.  If I sometimes flip through it, I find much of the language unbearable.  But what is it so popular?  Why are there so many tabloid magazines in the streets?  What is wrong by printing more copies of that issue of EasyFinder in response to readers' demand?

Suddenly the concept of "monitor" glided into the concept of "market."  A "righteous person" holding up the "great flag of watchdog monitoring" was suddenly transformed into a pure businessman who is saying "What is so wrong about printing more copies to satisfy readers' demand?"  The writing is as slick as a martial arts technique.

There is no market for "watchdog" news, so there is no chance of additional print runs.  Fewer people here know about the classical case of watchdog journalism in the Whitewater affair than about the Gillian Chung case.  The various examples offered by Li Yi contain a small amount (and only a small amount) of public interest issues, but they are all easily seen to be related to tabloid journalism.  In other words, this is unrelated to "the monitoring of public figures by the media" and it has everything to do with "the tabloid reporting of public figures by the media."  Tabloid journalism arose from the market.

Surreptitious photographing, undercover surveillance and investigative tailing are all techniques that can be used to uncover secrets.  There is nothing bad about the media using such techniques to monitor society.  That is one reason why I am opposed to governmental legislation to supervise the media.  Even if some magazines use such techniques to produce tabloid journalism, it is just a necessary evil.  But when a magazine uses snooping to produce tabloid journalism while calling it monitoring, society will pay attention and speak out.  The goal is not to expect the magazine to lay off, but to (naively) hope that their voices will one day turn into market restraints.

Whether it is right to take stealth photographs or not depends on the situation.  When a reporter films someone rearing a black bear illegally, it is right; when a reporter takes a photograph of a seven-year-old girl urinating and puts it on the front page, it is wrong even if "there is nothing much to see" (as in the Gillian Chung photographs).

If someone uses a chopping knife to kill ten persons, people will condemn the fact that he killed ten persons and not because he used a chopping knife.  His crime is murder, not the possession of a chopping knife.  Under these circumstances, we do not need the government to enact legislation to control the distribution and usage of chopping knifes to licensed housewives only.  By the same reasoning, if EasyFinder has to apologize, it would not be for the practice of snoop photography or for snooping on celebrities.  They would do so for filming people changing clothes or urinating, or for improperly using snoop photograph in specific instances.  They would be apologizing for setting up a bad example to enable certain people to act against the media in general and for indirectly enabling the introduction of legislation to control and stifle the media.

As always, I am opposed to government control but I also do not accept abuse, especially the kind of self-righteous claim of "holding up the sign of watchdog journalism while practicing tabloid journalism."  I only hope that when we oppose any government legislation to control the media, we would do it for the right reasons instead of some other twisted reasons.


《 壹 本 便 利 》 不 能 道 歉  (蔣 芸   作 家 )

最害 便 輿 果不

姿

龐大 雞, 的事

如此 而他 嗎?

子, 這又

八卦 滿

為受 盜女 沒有

大可 的照

只報

此偷

,原 你不


阿 嬌 的 「 污 點 」

古 德 明

戲 子 阿 嬌 最 近 被 《 壹 本 便 利 》 記 者 偷 拍 更 衣 照 。 照 片 刊 出 之 後 , 香 港 各 界 不 勝 義 憤 。
戲子 界 舉 行 聲 討 大 會 , 婦 女 界 發 起 罷 買 行 動 , 行 政 長 官 曾 蔭 權 也 站 出 來 譴 責 雜 誌 侵犯隱 私 。 大 家 都 為 阿 嬌 胴 體 扼 腕 。 阿 嬌 愈 發 楚 楚 可 憐 , 向 港 人 哭 訴 : 「 這 樣 的 醜 事,令 我 人 生 蒙 上 污 點 。 」 她 言 重 了 。

《 世 說 新 語 》 有 一 個 故 事 : 晉 朝 名 士 劉 伶 在 家 有 時 不 穿 衣 服 , 遭 人 譏 笑 , 坦 然 回 答: 「 我 以 天 地 為 棟 宇 , 屋 室 為 衣 , 諸 君 何 為 入我 中 ? 」 《 壹 本 便 利 》 記 者 入 阿 嬌 中, 那 是 自 賤 , 阿 嬌 何 污 之 有 。

《 三 國 演義 》 把 那 清 者 自 清 道 理 講 得 更 明 白 。 漢 朝 末 年 , 獨 夫 曹 操 有 心 羞 辱 名 士 衡, 要 他 做鼓 吏 , 改 穿 鼓 吏 衣 服 。 衡 從 從 容 容 , 當 眾 脫 下 舊 衣 , 裸 體 而 立 。 曹 操 喝 道: 「 廟 堂之 上 , 何 太 無 禮 ? 」 衡 回 答 : 「 吾 露 父 母 之 形 , 以 顯 清 白 之 體 耳 。 」 他 不以 裸 露 為恥 , 卻 恥 於 依 附 曹 操 : 「 吾 乃 漢 朝 之 臣 , 不 作 曹 瞞 之 黨 ! 」 這 道 理 , 香 港今 天 的 戲子 未 必 明 白 。

比 如 說 , 董 建 華 治 港 期 間 , 民 怨 鼎 沸 , 百 姓 一 在 公 開 場 合 看 到他 就 噓 聲 四 起 。 戲 子成 龍 見 了 , 不 效 打 鼓 罵 曹 , 卻 痛 斥 港 人 : 「 香 港 人 真 醜 陋 ! 」二 ○ ○ 三 年 七 月 一 日, 香 港 五 十 萬 人 遊 行 反 對 二 十 三 條 箝 制 言 論 法 案 , 又 被 這 位 戲子 評 為 「 破 壞 香 港 形象 」 。 他 最 近 出 席 演 唱 會 , 乘 醉 惡 語 猥 詞 和 觀 眾 對 罵 ; 現 在 卻站 出 來 , 一 臉 嚴 正 ,「 捍 衞 演 藝 界 尊 嚴 」 了 。

又 比 如 說 , 今 年 七 月 一 日 , 香 港 六 萬 人 遊 行 , 抗 議 中 共撕 毀 《 基 本 法 》 禁 止 普 選 ;阿 嬌 等 一 干 戲 子 則 去 為 中 共 演 唱 , 「 慶 祝 香 港 回 歸 九 週年 和 諧 團 結 」 。 她 去 讀 讀 《三 國 演 義 》 才 談 人 生 污 點 吧 。

南 宋 端 平 二 年 , 淮海 別 將 榮 全 據 城 作 亂 , 召 妓 女 毛 惜 惜 佐 酒 。 毛 惜 惜 拒 絕 說 : 「 汝本 健 兒 , 官 家 何 負於 汝 , 而 反 ? 吾 有 死 耳 , 不 能 為 反 賊 行 酒 。 」 結 果 身 喪 榮 全 刀 下( 《 三 朝 野 史 》 )。 毛 惜 惜 身 為 妓 女 , 歷 來 卻 沒 有 人 敢 說 她 污 了 清 白 之 軀 。 宋 室 擒殺 榮 全 之 後 , 封 毛惜 惜 為 英 烈 夫 人 , 《 宋 史 . 列 女 》 還 為 她 立 傳 。

今 天 , 起 毛 惜 惜 於 地 下 , 她絕 對 不 會 忘 記 當 前 之 中 共 政 府 , 猶 一 九 八 九 年 之 屠 城 政府 , 猶 一 九 六 年 代 之 文 革政 府 。 要 她 為 這 政 府 行 酒 慶 祝 , 她 一 定 會 再 說 一 次 : 「吾 有 死 耳 。 」 她 不 會 明 白 阿嬌 、 成 龍 等 說 的 「 維 護 尊 嚴 」 。 這 位 舊 中 國 妓 女 的 尊 嚴和 新 中 國 戲 子 的 尊 嚴 不 同 。

在 西 方 , 記 者 偷 拍 明 星 、 政 客 等 等 無 日 無 之 , 被 偷 拍 者 大 可 上 民 事 法 庭 興 訟 。現 在, 曾 蔭 權 政 府 卻 主 張 用 刑 事 法 對 付 傳 媒 窺 探 隱 私 。 法 案 一 旦 通 過 , 加 上 當 局 最近 頒布 的 《 截 取 通 訊 及 監 察 法 例 》 , 中 共 治 港 更 加 可 以 運 之 掌 上 。 政 客 會 和 戲 子 一樣 ,做 甚 麼 都 不 許 別 人 窺 探 ; 香 港 百 姓 則 會 和 大 陸 百 姓 一 樣 , 一 言 一 行 隨 時 可 被 政府 秘密 監 察 。

今 天 , 香 港 各 界 似 乎 都 十 分 同 情 阿 嬌 。 然 則 甚 麼 叫 做 小 惡 , 甚 麼 叫 做 大 惡 , 我 還 是 不 要 多 說 了 。 閉 上 門 , 翻 開 青 史 , 古 道 照 顏 色 。


李 怡 專 欄 : 為 蔣 芸 喝 采

作 家 蔣 芸 女 士 上 周 六 在 論 壇 版 的 文 章 , 表 現 出 她 在 群 情 洶 湧 中 , 一 股 逆 潮 流 而 動 的勇 氣 。 筆 者 讀 後 不 得 不 暗 自 喝 采 , 也 感 到 自 愧 不 如 。 同 一 天 , 還 刊 出 古 德 明 的 文 章, 提 到 一 個 人 的 真 正 「 污 點 」 , 是 靈 魂 與 良 知 的 污 點 , 至 於 被 偷 拍 了 三 點 不 露 、 只露 出 小 小 背 部 的 戲 子 , 那 算 甚 麼 污 點 呢 ? 縱 有 污 點 也 屬 於 偷 拍 者 。 妓 女 出 賣 肉 體 ,比 之 出 賣 靈 魂 的 反 覆 小 人 , 反 倒 更 為 淨 。

《 壹 本 便 利 》 的 偷 拍 事 件 , 確 實 在 演 藝 界 人 士 的 動 員 號 召 之 下 , 挑 起 了 洶 湧 的 群 情。 然 而 , 群 情 是 怎 麼 煽 動 起 來 的 ? 群 情 有 沒 有 理 ? 是 不 是 對 呢 ? 意 見 的 是 非 對 錯 畢竟 不 是 靠 人 多 勢 眾 來 界 定 的 。

一 個 流 傳 的 故 事 是 : 愛 因 斯 坦 在 創 建 相 對 論 之 後 , 科 學 界 褒 貶 不 一 。 一 九 三 年 ,德 國 出 版 了 一 本 批 判 相 對 論 的 書 , 書 名 叫 做 《 一 百 位 授 出 面 證 明 愛 因 斯 坦 錯 了 》 。愛 因 斯 坦 知 道 後 , 哈 哈 大 笑 說 : 「 一 百 位 , 幹 嘛 要 這 麼 多 人 ? 只 要 能 證 明 我 真 的 錯了 , 哪 怕 一 個 人 出 面 也 足 夠 了 。 」
蔣 芸 的 文 章 , 最 重 要 的 意 見 是 : 《 壹 本 便 利 》 在 如 此 巨 大 的 輿 論 壓 力 下 , 絕 不 能 道 歉 。 「 一 旦 道 歉 , 後 果 不 堪 設 想 。 」

為 甚 麼 「 後 果 不 堪 設 想 」 呢 ? 因 為 「 道 歉 」 就 承 認 做 錯 了 , 也 就 是 放 棄 了 傳 播 媒 介監 察 公 眾 人 物 的 責 任 , 放 棄 了 傳 媒 要 努 力 揭 發 公 眾 人 物 不 願 讓 大 眾 看 到 的 私 密 的 責任 。 實 際 上 是 顛 覆 了 傳 媒 與 公 眾 人 物 的 不 同 的 角 色 關 係 , 確 實 是 「 後 果 不 堪 設 想 」。

也 許 有 人 說 , 傳 媒 對 公 眾 人 物 的 監 察 , 應 以 涉 及 重 大 公 眾 利 益 為 目 的 。 阿 嬌 在 大 馬登 台 更 衣 , 不 涉 重 大 公 眾 利 益 , 採 取 偷 拍 的 手 段 , 實 在 是 犯 有 窺 人 陰 私 的 大 錯 。 然而 , 如 果 說 阿 嬌 登 台 更 衣 不 涉 公 眾 利 益 , 那 麼 超 人 與 紅 顏 知 己 在 羅 馬 街 頭 拖 手 仔 是否 也 不 涉 公 眾 利 益 呢 ? 曾 蔭 權 在 接 任 特 首 之 前 , 輕 佻 地 吹 口 哨 走 向 政 府 總 部 是 否 也不 涉 公 眾 利 益 ? 黎 明 早 前 被 阿 嬌 老 闆 楊 受 成 旗 下 雜 誌 《 東 方 新 地 》 偷 拍 在 寓 所 內 與樂 基 兒 纏 綿 的 照 片 , 又 是 不 是 公 眾 利 益 ? 一 件 事 是 否 涉 公 眾 利 益 , 不 能 由 「 正 義 人士 」 、 評 論 家 更 不 能 由 政 府 去 界 定 。 筆 者 從 不 看 《 壹 本 便 利 》 , 偶 而 翻 閱 也 覺 得 其中 不 少 詞 語 頗 難 忍 受 。 但 為 甚 麼 它 能 暢 銷 ? 為 甚 麼 街 頭 多 的 是 這 類 八 卦 雜 誌 ? 應 讀者 的 需 求 , 那 一 期 《 壹 本 便 利 》 加 印 又 有 甚 麼 錯 ?

看 看 另 一 位 偷 拍 的 受 害 人 黎 明 , 怎 樣 評 論 阿 嬌 事 件 , 他 說 : 「 不 想 說 , 但 每 樣 東 西 應 該 都 有 存 在 的 價 值 與 意 義 。 」

他 因 身 份 特 殊 , 講 得 含 蓄 , 但 意 思 也 相 當 清 楚 。 公 眾 人 物 有 他 們 存 在 的 價 值 與 意 義, 傳 媒 ( 包 括 八 卦 雜 誌 ) 也 有 它 們 存 在 的 價 值 與 意 義 。 公 眾 人 物 自 然 希 望 傳 媒 能 全部 報 道 他 們 要 讓 民 眾 知 道 的 一 面 , 但 傳 媒 若 只 報 道 公 眾 人 物 想 要 報 道 的 一 面 , 用 蔣芸 的 話 , 「 豈 不 悶 死 看 官 」 , 因 此 傳 媒 就 是 要 挖 掘 公 眾 人 物 不 想 被 報 道 的 一 面 。 兩者 之 間 既 相 互 依 賴 , 又 相 互 矛 盾 。 倘 若 傳 媒 一 旦 報 道 了 公 眾 人 物 不 想 讓 人 看 到 的 一面 , 就 立 刻 要 道 歉 , 那 確 實 是 「 後 果 不 堪 設 想 」 。

蔣 芸 等 的 意 見 當 然 不 一 定 對 , 關 於 傳 媒 介 入 個 人 私 隱 的 追 訪 界 線 , 從 來 是 可 以 爭 論的 話 題 , 但 她 表 現 出 知 識 分 子 不 畏 群 情 的 勇 氣 , 則 是 十 分 難 能 可 貴 的 。 輿 論 界 有 不畏 強 權 的 , 有 不 顧 廣 告 利 益 而 獨 立 評 論 的 , 但 鮮 有 不 畏 群 情 的 。 而 只 有 不 畏 群 情 的討 論 , 才 能 真 正 開 拓 社 會 的 公 共 空 間 。


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